Digital illustration of a dinosaur eating leaves from a tree
ROGER HARRIS/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/Getty Images

Big Dino and Little Dino

Imagine you’ve traveled back in time 145 million years, to the age of the dinosaurs! 

By Catherine Schmitt
From the September 2023 Issue

Learning Objective: Students will compare and contrast information from two texts about dinosaurs.

Lexiles: 500L-600L, Easier Level
Guided Reading Level: K
DRA Level: 16-18
Other Key Skills: supporting details, vocabulary, problem and solution, cause and effect, summarizing, author’s craft, text features, supporting an opinion, connecting to the text

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Think and Read: Compare and Contrast

As you read about these two dinosaurs, think about how they are alike and how they are different.

The Gentle Giant

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I’m as long as two school buses! (About 70 Feet Long)

You’re huge! Just how big are you?

You’re huge! Just how big are you?

Hello down there! I’m one of the biggest animals on Earth. If you measure me from the tip of my nose down to the end of my tail, I’m about 70 feet long. I also weigh as much as four elephants. Pretty heavy, right?

Hello down there! I am one of the biggest animals on Earth. I’m about 70 feet long when you measure me from the tip of my nose down to the end of my tail! I also weigh as much as four elephants. That is very heavy!

Wow! What kind of dinosaur are you?

Wow! What kind of dinosaur are you?

I’m a member of the sauropod group. Sauropods have four legs and long necks and tails. You may have seen us in the popular Jurassic World movies! I look very similar to other members of my group—like my cousin, the Brontosaurus. We look so much alike that scientists thought we were the same dinosaur for years!

I’m part of the sauropod group. Sauropods have four legs. We have long necks and tails. You may have seen us in the popular Jurassic World movies! I look very similar to other members of my group, like the Brontosaurus. Scientists even thought we were the same dinosaur for years!

Do you have any special powers?

Do you have any special powers?

My tail is my superpower. If predators bother me, I swing my long, heavy tail at them. My tail works like a whip. I don’t need to use my superpower often though. My giant size scares away most dinosaurs!

My tail is my superpower. It’s long and heavy. I use it if predators bother me. I swing my tail at them. It works like a whip. But I don’t need to use my tail a lot. My giant size scares away most dinosaurs!

What are you eating?

What are you eating?

I’m an herbivore, so I love munching on greens. Because it rains so much in the forests where I live, there are tons of juicy tree leaves. This is good news for me because I need a lot of plants to keep my huge belly full. Chomp. Want a bite? 

I’m an herbivore. This means I love eating plants. It rains a lot in the forests where I live. So there are tons of juicy tree leaves. This is good news for me. I need a lot of plants to keep my huge stomach full. Chomp. Want a bite?  

Small but Mighty

Shutterstock.com 

I'm the size of a chicken! (About 3 Feet Long)

You’re so cute! How small are you?

You’re so cute! How small are you?

I’m about 3 feet long and weigh about 7 pounds. My tiny, pointy head could fit in the palm of your hand. Don’t let my size fool you though—I am not sweet. I am a fierce predator. See my sharp claws?

I’m about 3 feet long. I weigh about 7 pounds. My tiny head is pointy. It could fit in the palm of your hand. Don’t let my size fool you though. I am not sweet. I am a fierce hunter. See my sharp claws?

Yikes! What kind of dinosaur are you?

Yikes! What kind of dinosaur are you?

I’m part of the theropod group. We walk on our two back legs and usually have tiny arms. I’m smaller than many other members of my group, like the T. rex. But I have a superpower the T. rex doesn’t—my speed! I can run up to 40 miles per hour. The fastest speed a human has ever run is only 28 miles per hour. Pretty impressive, right? 

I’m part of the theropod group. We walk on our two back legs. We usually have tiny arms. I’m smaller than other members of my group, like the T. rex. But I have a superpower the T. rex doesn’t. It’s my speed! I can run up to 40 miles per hour. The fastest speed a human has ever run is only 28 miles per hour. I’m really fast! 

Who are those dinosaurs running with you?

Who are those dinosaurs running with you?

They’re part of my pack! Sometimes dinosaurs (like me!) travel together to stay safe from predators.

They’re part of my pack! Sometimes dinosaurs (like me!) travel together to stay safe from predators.

What do you like to eat?

What do you like to eat?

I’m a carnivore that loves feasting on tasty meat. My prey includes bugs and baby dinosaurs. Mmm. To catch my next meal, I race on my tiptoes and use my long tail to balance. Then I use my claws and teeth to attack. Watch out! 

I’m a carnivore. I love eating tasty meat. My prey includes bugs and baby dinosaurs. Mmm. To catch my food, I race on my tiptoes and use my long tail to balance. Then I use my claws and teeth to attack. Watch out! 

THINK AND WRITE

How are these two dinosaurs alike? How are they different? Answer in a well-organized paragraph. 

THINK AND WRITE

How are these two dinosaurs alike? How are they different? Answer in a well-organized paragraph. 

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Can't-Miss Teaching Extras

BOOM! What’s that? It’s a mighty titanosaur—another giant dinosaur who once roamed the earth. Meet him and other fascinating creatures in “Journey to the Time of the Dinosaurs.”  

What’s that smell? It’s dinosaur poop! Students can practice essential paragraph-writing skills while learning fun facts in “The Amazing Secrets of Dinosaur Poop.” 

Search for fossils in “Finding a Giant,” a play about a boy who grew up to discover one of Earth’s biggest dinosaurs.    

Step-by-Step Lesson Plan

Table of Contents

1. Preparing to Read

2. Close Reading

3. SEL Focus

4. Skill Building and Writing

5. Differentiate and Customize

Struggling Readers, Multilingual Learners, Advanced Readers, Creative Writing

1. Preparing to Read

Set a Purpose for Reading/Preview Text Features/Build Background Knowledge

  • Instruct students to study the titles, subtitles, and illustrations on pages 16-17. Ask them to describe the illustrations and predict what the articles will be about. Review the predictions after reading.
  • Call on volunteers to read aloud the Think and Read box on page 16 and the Think and Write box on page 19.

Introduce Vocabulary

  • Show or assign the Vocabulary Slideshow to preview challenging words. Then assign the Vocabulary Skill Builder before or after reading.

2. Close Reading

  • Read the story as a class or have students follow along as they listen to the Read-Aloud.
  • Project or assign the Close-Reading and Critical-Thinking Questions. (Alternatively, use all or part of the Learning Journey Slide Deck.)

Close-Reading Questions

  • Read the first section of “The Gentle Giant.” What details describe the size of the Apatosaurus? The details that describe the size of the Apatosaurus are: this dinosaur is one of the biggest animals on Earth; it is 70 feet long from the tip of its nose to the end of its tail; it weighs as much as four elephants. (supporting details)
  • Read “Do you have any special powers?” How does this huge dinosaur protect itself from its enemies? This huge dinosaur protects itself by swinging its long, heavy tail like a whip at its enemies. However, its giant size scares away most dinosaurs. (problem and solution)
  • How does this big dinosaur keep its huge belly full? This dinosaur keeps its huge belly full by eating tons of juicy tree leaves and greens. (cause and effect)
  • Read the first section of “Small but Mighty.” What details from the section describe what these small dinosaurs look like? The details that describe what these small dinosaurs look like are: They are about 3 feet long and weigh about 7 pounds. They have tiny, pointy heads and sharp claws. (supporting details)
  • Read “Yikes! What kind of dinosaur are you?” How is this small dinosaur similar to and different from a T. rex? The Compsognathus is similar to a T. rex because both are part of the theropod group. They walk on their back legs and usually have tiny arms. The Compsognathus is different from a T. rex because it is fast. It can run up to 40 miles per hour. (compare and contrast)
  • Read “What do you like to eat?” How does this dinosaur hunt for its next meal? First it catches its meal by racing on its tiptoes and using its long tail to balance. Then it uses its claws and teeth to attack. (summarizing)

Critical-Thinking Questions

  • Look at the photographs of the school buses and the chicken on pages 18-19. Why do you think the author includes these photographs? I think the author includes photographs of the school buses and the chicken to help me understand how big and small the dinosaurs are. I can compare the dinosaurs to objects I’m familiar with. The Apatosaurus is the length of two school buses and the Compsognathus is about the size of a chicken. (author’s craft, text features)
  • Imagine you could turn into one of the dinosaurs described in these stories. Which one would you pick? Explain your answer with details from the stories. Answers may vary. (connecting to the text)

 

3. Skill Building and Writing

Featured Skill: Compare and Contrast

 

  • Distribute or digitally assign the Compare and Contrast Skill Builder.
  • Ask students to write a response to the prompt in the Think and Write box on page 19.

Differentiate and Customize
For Striving Readers

Read the lower-Lexile version of the articles while students follow along. As they read, students should look for and highlight the ways in which the Apatosaurus and the Compsognathus are similar and different. Then work with students to complete the Compare and Contrast Skill Builder as a group. Tip: When students read the articles online in Presentation View, they can use the highlighter tool to mark the text.

For Multilingual Learners

Before having students read the articles, go over the domain-specific vocabulary words in bold. You can also show the vocabulary slideshow to reinforce the meanings of these words. Point out that two of these terms (predators and prey) are related (predators hunt prey) and that two of these terms (herbivore and carnivore) describe different types of animals (one type eats only plants, the other eats mostly meat). Then ask students to mention any other dinosaurs they know about and together discuss any details they know.

For Advanced Readers

Invite students to pick a prompt from the Choice Board in the Resources tab. Options include researching another dinosaur, designing a poster, continuing the interview, and more!

Text-to-Speech