Illustration of a ship traversing the night sea
Illustration by Allan Davey

Escape From the Ice

The true story of how a daring explorer rescued his crew from the coldest place on Earth

By Erin Kelly

Learning Objective: Students will identify how the descriptive details used by the author to describe Ernest Shackleton’s voyage to Antarctica bring the story to life.

Lexiles: 500L-600L, 2-Page Starter Level, Easier Level
Guided Reading Level: N
DRA Level: 28-30
Other Key Skills: descriptive details, text features, vocabulary, cause and effect, interpreting text, identifying a problem, sequencing, main idea, expressing an opinion, narrative writing
Think and Read: Author's Craft

This article includes many descriptive details. Look for them as you read, and think about how these details bring the story to life.

Adoc-Photos/Corbis Via Getty Images

It was January 1915. An explorer named Ernest Shackleton was trying to reach Antarctica. He wanted to be the first to walk across this mysterious frozen land. 

His ship was just one day away. But the sea around Antarctica was icy—horribly icy. Huge chunks of ice covered the water. The ice closed in on his ship from all sides. The ship was soon trapped! 

The men on Shackleton’s crew looked at each other, terrified. They were hundreds of miles from land, from anyone else. They were stuck on the icy sea. What had started as a thrilling adventure was now a nightmare. Were they all going to die?

It was January 1915. An explorer named Ernest Shackleton was sailing on a large ship. He was trying to reach Antarctica. He wanted to be the first person to walk across this frozen land.

His ship was just one day away. But the sea around Antarctica was very icy. Huge chunks of ice covered the water. The ice closed in on his ship from all sides. The ship was soon trapped!

The men on Shackleton’s crew were scared. They were hundreds of miles from land or anyone else. They were stuck on the icy sea. The trip had started as an exciting adventure. It was now a nightmare. Were they all going to die?

It was January 1915. An explorer named Ernest Shackleton was sailing near Antarctica.

The sea was very icy. The ship got stuck in the ice!

The men on Shackleton’s crew were scared. They were far from other people or land. Were they all going to die?


A Curious Young Boy

A Curious Young Boy


Jim McMahon/Mapman ®

Welcome to Antarctica   

Antarctica is covered in, and surrounded by, ice! Whales, seals, penguins, and other animals live here. Scientists visit this frozen land, but it’s too cold for people to live here full-time. 

Thirty years earlier, Ernest Shackleton was a curious young boy. He loved reading stories about brave explorers and the new places they visited. He dreamed of being the first person to explore a new land.  

By the time Shackleton was an adult, there were only a few unexplored places left. One of them was Antarctica. The continent was so cold, so far away, and so dangerous. He had to see it!

Shackleton chose a cook and a small group of sailors, scientists, and doctors for the journey. The crew set sail from England on August 1, 1914. Shackleton’s ship was called the Endurance

The word endurance means sticking with something, even when it gets hard. Shackleton had no idea how hard things were about to get.

Thirty years earlier, Ernest Shackleton was a curious young boy. He loved reading stories about explorers and the new places they visited. He wanted to be the first person to explore a new land.

By the time Shackleton was an adult, that was hard to do. Most places had already been explored. But very few people had ever been to Antarctica. The continent was so cold, so far away, and so dangerous. He had to see it!

Shackleton chose a crew for the journey. He picked a cook and a small group of sailors, scientists, and doctors. The crew set sail from England on August 1, 1914. Shackleton’s ship was called the Endurance.

The word endurance means sticking with something, even when it gets hard. Shackleton had no idea how hard things were about to get.


Trapped in Ice

Trapped in Ice

Trapped in Ice

Shackleton and his crew of 28 men sailed for four months. At last, they were just one day away from reaching Antarctica. Then came that awful January day. 

Ice covered the sea like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. Shackleton tried to sail between the pieces. But soon, winds pushed the ice together, and the ship became trapped. 

The men tried desperately to cut away the ice. It was no use though. The ship could not move. The men had no choice but to wait on the ship until the ice broke apart.

Shackleton tried to keep the crew cheerful while they waited. They sang songs and gave each other silly haircuts. The men were worried, but they trusted Shackleton. They called him Boss and loved him like a father. 

But nearly a year passed, and the ice didn’t loosen. Instead, it squeezed the ship tighter. At night, the men could hear the ship’s wooden sides groaning against the force of the ice. 

The ice pressed harder against the ship until one October day—crack! Ice slammed into the ship’s side and tore a hole in it. Freezing-cold water poured in. The ship started to sink. 

The crew grabbed sleeping bags, food, and three lifeboats. They raced onto the ice, dragging their supplies with them. Shackleton and his crew were now stranded on the ice. 

Shackleton and his crew of 28 men sailed for four months. At last, they were just one day away from reaching Antarctica. Then came that awful January day.

Ice covered the sea. The ice looked like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. Shackleton tried to sail between the pieces. But soon, winds pushed the ice together. The ship became trapped.

The men tried desperately to cut away the ice. It was no use though. The ship could not move. The men had no choice. They had to wait on the ship until the ice broke apart.

Shackleton tried to keep the crew cheerful while they waited. They sang songs. They gave each other silly haircuts. The men were worried, but they trusted Shackleton. They called him Boss and loved him like a father.

Nearly a year passed. But the ice didn’t loosen. Instead, it squeezed the ship tighter. At night, the men could hear the sound the ship made as ice pressed against its sides. It sounded like groaning.

The ice pressed harder against the ship. Then, one October day—crack! Ice slammed into the ship’s side. The ice tore a hole in the ship. Freezing-cold water poured in. The Endurance started to sink.

The crew grabbed sleeping bags, food, and three lifeboats. They raced onto the ice, dragging their supplies with them. Shackleton and his crew were now stranded on the ice.

As a boy, Shackleton dreamed of becoming an explorer. He wanted to visit a new land. Shackleton grew up. He wanted to go to Antarctica. It was cold and dangerous. Very few people had been there before. He had to go!

Shackleton chose a crew to sail with him. They left England on August 1, 1914, on a ship called the Endurance. The word endurance means sticking with something when it gets hard. Things were about to get very hard.

The crew sailed for four months. But then they ran into the ice. The ship became trapped. The men tried desperately to cut away the ice. But the ship would not move.

The Men Kept Rowing

The Men Kept Rowing

The Ice Cracked

Over the next few weeks, the men watched in horror as the Endurance sank into the cold, dark sea. There was only one thing to do: wait until the ice broke up. Then they could put the lifeboats in the water and row away. 

To pass the time, they played soccer and other games. But more than five months went by. The crew wondered if they would ever get home.

Finally, in April 1916, the ice started to crack. The men raced to their lifeboats. For six days they rowed, with little food or sleep. Twenty-foot waves lifted their tiny boats. Icicles froze on their beards. Killer whales burst from the sea. But the men kept rowing. 

At last, on the seventh day, they reached a tiny place called Elephant Island. But they weren’t safe yet.

Over the next few weeks, the Endurance sank into the cold, dark sea. There was only one thing to do: wait until the ice broke up. Then they could put the lifeboats in the water and row away.

To pass the time, they played soccer and other games. But more than five months went by. The ice still wasn’t melting. The crew wondered if they would ever get home.

Finally, in April 1916, the ice started to crack. The men ran to their lifeboats. They rowed for six days. They had very little food or sleep. Twenty-foot waves lifted their tiny boats. Icicles froze on their beards. Killer whales burst from the sea. But the men kept rowing.

At last, on the seventh day, they reached a tiny place called Elephant Island. But they weren’t safe yet.

Almost a year went by. One day, the ship started to sink. The crew grabbed sleeping bags and lifeboats. They ran onto the ice. The Endurance slowly sank into the sea. It was too icy for the men to use their lifeboats. So they had to live on the ice until it broke up.

More than five months passed. Finally, in April 1916, the ice cracked. The crew got in the lifeboats and rowed for six days.

They reached a tiny place called Elephant Island. But they weren’t safe yet. No one lived on the island. And there wasn’t much food there. Shackleton had to go somewhere else to get help. His crew was exhausted. He chose five men to go with him. The others stayed behind.

Shackleton made it to another island where people lived. He headed back to Elephant Island on a big boat. But he was worried. What if some of the crew hadn’t survived?

Back on Elephant Island, the men waited for Shackleton. One day they saw a ship. They ran toward it. They were saved. Shackleton lost the Endurance. But he brought every one of his crew members home. He is still remembered today for his bravery.

Esther Horvath and Falklands Maritime Heritage Trust

Frozen Ship Found!

For years, no one could find Shackleton’s lost ship. But in March 2022, a scientist named Mensun Bound finally found it! He had help from an underwater robot called Ellie. (Ellie was named after Elephant Island!) 

Shackleton Led Them On 

Shackleton Led Them On 


Shackleton knew he had to continue his journey and get help. No one lived on Elephant Island, and there was almost nothing to eat there.  

About 800 miles away was an island where fishermen lived. Getting there would be another dangerous journey. The crew was already exhausted. So Shackleton chose just five men to go with him, leaving the others behind. 

The group set out. Huge waves crashed over their tiny boat. They could hardly see. But Shackleton led them on. 

Finally, they reached the island. Now Shackleton could get a big boat and take it to rescue the rest of the crew. 

As he made his way back to Elephant Island, Shackleton was worried. A lot of time had passed. The men had been waiting in the terrible cold with barely any food. What if some of them hadn’t survived?

Shackleton knew he had to continue his journey and get help. No one lived on Elephant Island. There was almost nothing to eat there.

There was an island about 800 miles away. Fishermen lived there. Getting to the island would be dangerous. The crew was already exhausted. So Shackleton chose just five men to go with him. He left the others behind.

The group set out. Huge waves crashed over their tiny boat. They could hardly see. But Shackleton led them on.

Finally, they reached the island. Now Shackleton could get a big boat and take it to rescue the rest of the crew.

As he sailed back to Elephant Island, Shackleton was worried. A lot of time had passed. The men had been waiting in the terrible cold. They had barely eaten any food. What if some men hadn’t survived?


Was That a Ship?

Was That a Ship?


Back on Elephant Island, the men waited patiently for Shackleton. The days turned into months. Then one foggy August day, they looked out at the sea. Was that a ship?

The crew ran toward the ship, whooping and cheering when they saw Shackleton. As he got closer, Shackleton called out, “Are all well?”

“All well, Boss!” they cried. And they were.

It had been more than 600 days since Shackleton’s crew had set sail. They had survived a shipwreck, months of living on the icy sea, and constant cold and hunger. But the Boss had said he would rescue them. And he did. 

Shackleton lost his ship, the Endurance. But he brought all 28 of his crew members home safely. He is still remembered today for his courage and the care he showed for his men.  

Back on Elephant Island, the men waited for Shackleton. The days turned into months. Then one August day, they looked out at the sea. Was that a ship?

The crew ran toward the ship. They were whooping and cheering when they saw Shackleton. As he got closer, Shackleton called out, “Are all well?”

“All well, Boss!” they cried. And they were.

It had been more than 600 days since Shackleton’s crew had set sail. They survived months of living on the icy sea. They faced constant cold and hunger. But the Boss had said he would rescue them. And he did.

Shackleton lost his ship, the Endurance. But he brought all 28 of his crew members home safely. He is still remembered today for his bravery and the care he showed for his men.


THINK AND WRITE CONTEST

Imagine you were a member of Shackleton’s crew. Using at least three descriptive details, write a journal entry telling what happened during the trip. Five winners will each receive a Scholastic store e-gift card. See our contest page for details. 

THINK AND WRITE CONTEST

Imagine you were a member of Shackleton’s crew. Using at least three descriptive details, write a journal entry telling what happened during the trip. Five winners will each receive a Scholastic store e-gift card. See our contest page for details. 

THINK AND WRITE CONTEST

Imagine you were a member of Shackleton’s crew. Using at least three descriptive details, write a journal entry telling what happened during the trip. Five winners will each receive a Scholastic store e-gift card. See our contest page for details. 


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Can't Miss Teaching Extras

Now that your students have read about a voyage to the South Pole, they’re ready to learn about a trip to the opposite side of the globe! Share “Frozen Dreams,” the thrilling story of Matthew Henson—a Black explorer often overlooked by history books—and his adventure to the North Pole.

To continue exploring the theme of “endurance,” take a look at the play Go! (detailing Wilma Rudolph’s inspiring determination to overcome Polio and become an Olympic champion) and the article “Racing Through Danger” (which tells the unbelievable story of Balto, the sled dog that saved a town in Alaska).

Step-by-Step Lesson Plan

Table of Contents

1. Preparing to Read

Preview Text Features/Set a Purpose for Reading

  • This issue’s Time Machine, “Welcome to Antarctica,” provides information about the continent and can be used in conjunction with “Escape From the Ice,” either prior to the story or as a follow-up.
  • Help students prepare to read the article by showing the Background Builder Slideshow. 
  • Ask students to predict what this article will be about based on the headline, subhead, and images on pages 4-5. Review the predictions after reading.
  • Call on volunteers to read aloud the Think and Read box on page 4 and the Think and Write box on page 9. 

Introduce Vocabulary

  • Show or assign the Vocabulary Slideshow to preview challenging words. Then assign the Vocabulary Skill Builder before or after reading.

 

2. Close Reading

Reading and Unpacking the Text

  • We offer several reading experiences for this article: the Video Read-Aloud, an audio Read-Aloud, and the printed article in the magazine or digitally at storyworks3.scholastic.com.
  • Read the story as a class. Use the Pause and Think questions at the end of each section for a quick comprehension check. 
  • Project or assign the Close-Reading and Critical-Thinking Question. (Alternatively, assign all or part of the Learning Journey Slide Deck.) 

Close-Reading Questions

  • Read the first section. What are two descriptive details that help you imagine what it was like on the icy sea for Shackleton and his crew? (descriptive details) Answers will vary but should be similar to: Descriptive details that help you imagine what it was like on the icy sea include: “Huge chunks of ice covered the water”; “The ice closed in on his ship from all sides”; “The men on Shackleton’s crew looked at each other, terrified”; “They were stuck on the icy sea”; “What had started as a thrilling adventure was now a nightmare.”
  • Read “A Curious Young Boy.” Why did Shackleton choose Antarctica to explore?(cause and effect) Shackleton chose Antarctica because it was one of the few places left to explore after he became an adult. Also, he was excited to see a place as cold, far away, and dangerous as Antarctica was.
  • Read “Trapped in Ice.” The author writes “At night, the men could hear the ship’s wooden sides groaning against the force of the ice.” What does this descriptive detail help you imagine? (descriptive details) This descriptive detail helps you imagine the loud, scary sound the wooden ship made when the ice pressed against it. This detail makes the ship seem like a living thing that was groaning in pain or fear.
  • Read “The Men Kept Rowing.” What problems did the men face as they rowed to Elephant Island? (identifying a problem) The problems faced by the men as they rowed to Elephant Island included not having enough food or sleep, big waves, icy cold, and killer whales nearby.
  • Read “Shackleton Led Them On.” What did Shackleton do after leaving Elephant Island? (sequencing) After leaving Elephant Island, Shackleton and five other men rowed a small boat 800 miles to another island. Fishermen lived on this other island. Shackleton got a bigger boat there. He used this big boat to return to Elephant Island and rescue the rest of his crew.

Critical-Thinking Questions

  • Do you think Ernest Shackleton was a good leader? Explain your answer. (main idea, expressing an opinion) Answers will vary. Sample answer: Ernest Shackleton was a good leader. He always looked after his men. While they were waiting for the ice to melt, he tried to keep them happy. Although his men were worried, they trusted him and loved him like a father. After Shackleton and his crew were stranded, he tried to keep the men cheerful by playing games like soccer. He kept his promise to return to Elephant Island and rescue the rest of his crew. Because of his courage and leadership, all of his crew members survived.
  • Choose one of the photographs from “Timeline of the Trip” and read its caption. How does the picture you chose help you understand what happened in the story? (text features) Answers will vary. Sample answer: The photograph of the crew on Elephant Island waving helps you understand how happy the men were to see Shackleton return to rescue them.

Class Discussion: Perseverance 

Despite many dangers and setbacks, Shackleton never stopped trying to keep his crew safe and get them home. Ask: Was there a time when things were tough but you didn’t give up? What made you keep trying?

3. Skill Building and Writing

  • Distribute our Text Evidence Skill Builder and have students complete it in class or for homework.

  • Discuss the writing assignment in the Think and Write box on page 9. 

Differentiate and Customize
For Striving Readers

Before reading the story, preview the Close-Reading and Critical-Thinking Questions with students to help them know what they should be focusing on as they read. Read the Easier level of the story aloud as students follow along, or have students listen to the audio read-aloud. Read the story again, this time pausing to work with the group on each question.

For Multilingual Learners

Some of the details the author uses to describe the events in this story might be unfamiliar to your multilingual learners. Ask students to follow along as you read the Easier level of the article. Instruct students to highlight any words or descriptions they don’t understand as you read. Afterward, write all of the highlighted words and phrases on the board. As a group, go through the list and define each term or phrase. Then read the article again together. Tip: When students read the articles online in Presentation View, they can use the highlighter tool to mark the text.

For Advanced Readers

Direct students to our October/November 2021 Big Read feature, “Frozen Dreams,” for another story about a daring voyage to one of Earth’s poles. Then ask them to compose a short essay comparing the journeys of Ernest Shackleton and Matthew Henson. What was similar about their voyages, and what was different?

Text-to-Speech