Image of climber looking at Mt. Everest in the distance
Art by Randy Pollak

Journey to the Top of the World

Extreme cold. Blinding snowstorms. Rivers of ice. Would you climb Mount Everest? 

By Tricia Culligan
From the February 2025 Issue
Lexiles: 600L-700L; Easier level
Download and Print

The wind howls. You gaze up in wonder at the snowy mountain in front of you. It’s the highest point on Earth: Mount Everest. It towers more than 29,000 feet into the sky. (Many small planes can’t even reach this height!) 

Your goal? To climb this massive mountain. The journey to the summit, or top, will take several weeks. Hundreds of climbers try to reach the top every year. Some never make it home. Do you have what it takes to reach the top of the world? 

The wind howls. You look up in shock at a snowy mountain. It’s the highest point on Earth. It’s called Mount Everest. It’s more than 29,000 feet tall. Many small planes can’t reach this height!

Your goal is to climb this huge mountain. You want to reach the top, or summit. It will take several weeks. Hundreds of climbers try to reach the top every year. Some climbers never make it home. Do you have what it takes to reach the top of the world?  

Jim McMahon/Mapman®

WHERE IS EVEREST?

Mount Everest is part of the Himalayas, a mountain range in Asia. It lies on the border between Nepal and China.

A River of Ice

A River of Ice

Climbing Mount Everest is one of the most daring adventures in the world. That’s why you’ve spent months preparing. Wearing the right clothes and bringing the right tools are a matter of life or death on Everest. 

Luckily, you won’t be climbing alone. You’ll rely on Sherpa guides. Sherpas are a group of people born and raised in the area. Many lead climbers like you up and down Everest. You’d never make it to the top without them!

Along your journey, you’ll stop at camps. (It’s too long and risky to climb all at once!) The first camp is at the base, or bottom, of Everest. It’s a 40-mile hike through lush forests and across roaring rivers to get there. When you arrive, you find a city of tents bustling with cooks, doctors, and climbers. 

A few weeks later, you set out again. Soon you face one of the most dangerous parts of the mountain: the Khumbu Icefall. It’s a river filled with huge blocks of ice!

Using a thin ladder you climb over it. Careful! Strong winds almost blast you into icy water. But your Sherpa guide grabs you at the last second. Phew! 

Climbing this mountain is a very dangerous adventure. That’s why you’ve spent months getting ready. You’ll wear the right clothes. You’ll bring the right tools. It’s a matter of life or death on this scary mountain. 

Luckily, you won’t be going alone. You’ll get help from Sherpa guides. Sherpas are a group of people. They were born and raised in the area. Many of these people lead climbers up and down the mountain. You’d never make it to the top without them!

You’ll stop at camps on your climb. The climb is long and risky. So you can’t do it all at once! The first camp is at the bottom of the mountain. This is called the base. You hike 40 miles to get there. You pass thick forests and big rivers. You get there and find a city of tents. There are cooks, doctors, and climbers. 

A few weeks pass. Then you start climbing again. Soon you will face one of the most dangerous parts of the mountain. It’s the Khumbu Icefall. It’s a river filled with huge blocks of ice!

You use a thin ladder to climb over it. Careful! Strong winds almost push you into icy water. But your Sherpa guide grabs you. Phew!  

Tashi Sherpa/AP Images 

A DIFFICULT JOB 

Sherpa guides are known for their strength and climbing skills. They clear dangerous paths and carry heavy bags of equipment.

Into the Death Zone 

Into the Death Zone 

John Warburton Lee/SuperStock

FULL OF DANGER 

Climbers use a ladder to make their way over a deep crack in the ice.

Day after day you climb. You carry 30 pounds of supplies on your back. (Your Sherpa guide carries 100 pounds!) You brave temperatures of –30 degrees Fahrenheit. Blinding snowstorms appear out of nowhere. And avalanches—huge piles of snow that slide down the mountain—can happen at a moment’s notice!

At last, you reach the final camp. You’re exhausted. But you still have to make it through the scariest part of the mountain: the Death Zone. You can survive at this height for only two or three days. Bare skin can freeze in minutes! 

The biggest danger is the air itself. The air gets thinner as you climb higher. That means every breath contains less oxygen than the one before it. This makes you feel dizzy. You have trouble thinking clearly.

Thankfully, you’ve carried bottles of oxygen with you. You place a mask over your face and gulp down safe air. 

Still, your body can’t handle this much longer. You want to stop and rest. But you’re so close. 

“Just keep going,” you tell yourself. 

You climb for days. You carry 30 pounds of supplies on your back. Your guide carries 100 pounds! The temperatures are well below freezing. Huge snowstorms come out of nowhere. And avalanches can happen too! Avalanches are huge piles of snow. They slide down the mountain.

You reach the final camp at last. You’re so tired. But you still have to make it through the scariest part of the mountain. It’s the Death Zone. You can live at this height for only two or three days. Bare skin can freeze in minutes! 

The biggest danger is the air itself. The air gets thinner as you climb higher. What does that mean? Each breath has less oxygen than the one before it. This makes you feel dizzy. It’s hard for you to think clearly. 

Thankfully, you have bottles of oxygen with you. You place a mask over your face. You breathe in safe air. 

Still, your body can’t take this much longer. You want to stop and rest. But you’re so close. 

“Just keep going,” you tell yourself. 

SIPA USA/SIPA/Newscom (Jordan Romero); Jason Maehl/Getty Images (Climbing); iStockPhoto/Getty Images (Boot)

CAREFUL CLIMBING

Climbers use special gear. These boots have spikes that stick into the ice and help people take steady steps as they climb.

Inset: Jordan Romero was 13 years old when he reached the summit in 2010 with his parents.

Top of the World

Top of the World

At last, you step onto the summit. You’ve reached the top of the world! You gaze in awe at the endless ice-capped mountains before you.

You unroll the American flag and snap a few photos with your Sherpa guide. She helped your dream come true. Now it’s time to begin the long journey home.

You’re exhausted but proud. You just climbed to the highest point on Earth. The journey forced you to be tough and brave. It’s an achievement that you’ll remember forever. 

At last, you step onto the top of the mountain. You’ve made it to the top of the world! You look at the icy mountains in front of you.

You take out the American flag. Then you take a few photos with your guide. She helped your dream come true. And now it’s time to begin the long trip back home.

You’re tired but proud. You just climbed to the highest point on Earth. The trip forced you to be tough and brave. It’s an adventure that you’ll always remember. 

THINK AND WRITE

Would you want to climb Mount Everest? Using descriptive details from the article, write a paragraph explaining why or why not.

THINK AND WRITE

Would you want to climb Mount Everest? Using descriptive details from the article, write a paragraph explaining why or why not.

video (1)
Audio ()
Activities (6)
Answer Key (1)
video (1)
Audio ()
Activities (6) Download All Quizzes and Activities
Answer Key (1)
Can't Miss Teaching Extras

Don’t leave those chilling temps just yet! Journey to the snowy mountains of Colorado to experience a thrilling adventure in “Inside An Avalanche.” Students will meet a four-legged friend along the way! 

Travel from Mount Everest to the coldest, driest, and windiest place in the world—Antarctica! Learn more about this fascinating continent in “Welcome to Antarctica,” and meet a scientist who studies there.  

If your students think Mount Everest seems cold, just wait until they visit the Ice Age! Take them back in time in the Time Machine “Journey to the Ice Age.” Then ask students to compare the landscape back then with Antarctica today.

Step-by-Step Lesson Plan

Table of Contents

1. Preparing to Read

2. Close Reading

3. SEL Focus

4. Skill Building and Writing

5. Differentiate and Customize

Struggling Readers, Multilingual Learners, Advanced Readers, Creative Writing

1. Preparing to Read

Set a Purpose for Reading

  • Ask students to predict what this article will be about based on the headline, subhead, and image on page 21. Review the predictions after reading.
  • To provide your students with helpful background information on this famous mountain, play the video “What You Need to Know About Mount Everest.”

Preview Text Features and Vocabulary

  • Before reading, point out the terms howls (makes a long, loud, sad sound), massive (gigantic), summit (the highest point on a mountain), lush (full of healthy plants or trees), and gulp (take in quickly through your mouth) and review their definitions. Go over any other vocabulary terms that may be challenging for your students.
  • Point out the photographs on pages 21-23. Ask students to call out any details they notice about the images.

2. Close Reading

  • Read the article as a class or have students follow along as they listen to the audio Read-Aloud.
  • Project or assign the Close-Reading and Critical-Thinking Questions.
  • You may challenge students to either underline or highlight any details that are specific (or unique) to the particular time or place visited in the Time Machine.

Close-Reading Questions

  • Read the introduction. Where are you? What is your goal? You are in front of Mount Everest, the tallest point on Earth. Your goal is to climb this massive mountain. (setting, key detail)
  • Read the section “A River of Ice.” Why have you spent months preparing and gathering the right clothes and tools? You have spent months preparing and gathering the right clothes and tools because climbing Mount Everest is one of the most daring adventures in the world. The right clothes and tools could be a matter of life or death. (cause and effect)
  • Who are the Sherpas? How will Sherpa guides help you? Sherpas are a group of people born and raised in the area around Mount Everest. Some Sherpas work as guides on Mount Everest. They will help you climb up and down Mount Everest by clearing dangerous paths and carrying heavy bags of equipment. You’d have a very hard time making it to the top without them. (key details)
  • Read the section “A River of Ice.” What details does the author use to describe how the Khumbu Icefall is dangerous? Some of the details the author uses are “It’s a river filled with huge blocks of ice!” and “Careful! Strong winds almost blast you into icy water.” (author’s craft)
  • Read the section “Into the Death Zone.” Why is this part of the mountain called the “Death Zone”? This part of the mountain is called the “Death Zone” because it is extremely dangerous. You can survive at this height for only two or three days. If you left skin uncovered it would freeze in minutes. The air is also very dangerous because there is not much oxygen. This causes you to feel dizzy. (key details)
  • Look at the map on the top of page 22. What does the map show? The map shows where Mount Everest is in the world. Mount Everest is part of the Himalayas, a mountain range in Asia that lies between Nepal and China. (text features)
  • Look at the other text features on pages 22-23. How do they help you understand what it would be like to climb Mount Everest? The photograph of the Sherpa guide shows how steep the mountain is and how much gear people need to carry. This helps me understand how difficult climbing Mount Everest is. The photo of climbers walking across a ladder helps me understand how dangerous certain sections of the mountain can be. The image of the boot shows the special gear you would need in order to accomplish this task. (text features)

 

Critical-Thinking Question

  • Would you want to climb Mount Everest? Use details from the article to support your answer. Answers will vary. Sample responses: Yes, because it would be very exciting. I would accomplish one of the most daring adventures in the world and see a very beautiful place. No, because it would be very difficult and dangerous. I might fall into a river of ice or get caught in an area with very little oxygen. (supporting an opinion)

3. Skill Building and Writing

Featured Skill: Knowledge Building

  • Discuss the writing assignment in the Think and Write box on page 23. Our online skill builder will show students how to complete the paragraph.
  • Distribute our Where Should We Go Next? Skill Builder and have students complete it in class or for homework.

Text-to-Speech