a man holding a penguin in the water
JOÃO PAULO KRAJEWSKI (DINDIM)

The Grandpa and the Penguin

Can a person and a penguin become true friends? 

By Janice Behrens
From the September 2021 Issue

Learning Objective: Students will identify the main idea and supporting details as they read this narrative nonfiction article about how a Magellanic penguin and a Brazilian man became friends.

Lexiles: Starter, 400L-500L, 500L-600L
Guided Reading Level: P
DRA Level: 34-38
Other Key Skills: text features, vocabulary, cause and effect, author’s craft, inference, figurative language, interpreting text, compare and contrast, narrative and explanatory writing
Think and Read: Main Idea and Supporting Details

As you read, look for details that show you the relationship between João and Dindim the penguin. 

The little penguin was happily swimming in the warm water. It was hunting for a tasty fish to eat. Suddenly, disaster struck.

The clear blue water began to fill with thick black oil. It burned the little bird’s eyes. A sticky material covered the penguin’s tiny black and white feathers.

The penguin didn’t realize it, but a ship had spilled oil into the ocean. Now it was spreading quickly through the water. Oil can be deadly to penguins. If the penguin swallowed even a little bit of the toxic substance, it could die.

The bird washed up on the shore of a sandy beach. The penguin lay there, scared, injured, and alone. 

Oil clumped the bird’s feathers together, making it hard for the penguin to swim or waddle. The bird was barely alive. Would anyone help the little penguin in time? 

A little penguin was swimming in the water. But then disaster struck. A ship spilled oil into the ocean. It spread quickly through the water and reached the penguin.

Oil can be deadly to penguins. If the penguin swallowed any of the oil, it could die. The bird washed up on a beach. It could barely move.

Its feathers were covered with sticky oil. The oil burned the little bird’s eyes. Would anyone help the little penguin 

The little penguin was swimming in the water. It was hunting for a fish to eat. Then disaster struck.

The clear blue water began to fill with thick black oil. It burned the bird’s eyes. A sticky material covered the penguin’s black and white feathers.

A ship had spilled oil into the ocean. The oil spread quickly through the water. Oil can be deadly to penguins. The penguin could die if it were to swallow even a little bit of the toxic substance.

The bird washed up on a sandy beach. It lay there, scared. It was injured and alone.

Oil caused the penguin’s feathers to stick together. This made it hard for the bird to swim or waddle. It was barely alive. Would anyone help the little penguin in time? 

Learning to Trust

Back to the Sea 

Learning to Trust 

JIM MCMAHON/MAPMAN®

João lives in Brazil, a country in South America.

Luckily, help was nearby. A kind grandpa named João (juh-WOW) found the scared little penguin. The bird was lying on the beach, which connects to João’s backyard.

João felt sorry for the penguin and wanted to help. He worked quickly to save the bird’s life. João carefully cleaned the penguin and rinsed the nasty black oil from its feathers. The penguin was tired and weak. It could barely eat. But João tenderly fed fish to the penguin by hand.

The bird João cared for was a Magellanic (ma-juh-LA-nihk) penguin. Some penguins live in the ice and snow. But Magellanic penguins live in warm waters. And they usually don’t let humans touch them. But this bird was starting to trust the gentle grandpa.

Thanks to João, the penguin slowly began to feel stronger. Soon it could eat and move on its own. The old man knew the black-and-white bird belonged with other penguins. Penguins stay together in a flock. João thought the bird was healthy enough to go back to the sea. He knew it was time to say goodbye to his little friend. 

Luckily, a grandpa named João (juh-WOW) found the scared penguin. João worked to save the bird’s life. He cleaned the nasty oil off the penguin. He fed it fish.

The penguin slowly began to feel stronger. Soon it could eat and move on its own. The old man knew it belonged with other penguins. Penguins stay together in a flock. João thought the bird was healthy enough to go back to the sea.

João took the penguin to an island. He set the bird free. But João was sad. He was sorry to see his new pal go. A few hours passed. He heard squeaking in his backyard. The penguin had returned! It swam back and found João. The little bird wasn’t ready to leave its human friend.

João’s 2-year-old grandson was excited about the bird. He called the penguin “dindim.” So Dindim became its name. 

Luckily, help was nearby. A kind grandpa named João (juh-WOW) found the scared penguin on the beach. João’s backyard connects to the beach.

João felt sorry for the little penguin and wanted to help. He worked quickly to save the bird’s life. João carefully cleaned the penguin. He washed black oil from its feathers. The penguin was tired and weak. It could barely eat. But João tenderly fed fish to the penguin.

This penguin was a Magellanic (mah-juh-LA-nihk) penguin. Some penguins live in the ice and snow. But Magellanic penguins live in warm waters. They usually don’t let humans touch them. But this bird was starting to trust the gentle grandpa.

Thanks to João, the penguin slowly began to feel stronger. Soon it could eat and move on its own. The old man knew it belonged with other penguins. Penguins stay together in a flock.

The bird was getting healthy. João thought it could go back to the sea. It was time to say goodbye to his friend. 

MARIUS DOBILAS/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO (SHIP); ©MARTIN HARVEY/SCIENCE SOURCE (OILED PENGUIN); MARTIN HARVEY/NHPA/PHOTOSHOT (CLEANED PENGUIN)

Dangerous Spills

Some big ships carry oil. If the oil spills into the ocean, it can be harmful to sea animals like dolphins, whales, and penguins. Animals that are covered in oil, like the penguin to the right, need special care.

Goodbye, Little Friend 


Goodbye, Little Friend 

João took the penguin on a boat to a nearby island. With a heavy heart, he set the bird free. João was sorry to see his little friend go. It seemed he would never see the penguin again. But he cared about the penguin and wanted it to be happy. Setting it free was the kind thing to do.

Just a few hours later, João got a big surprise. He heard squeaking in his backyard. João rushed outside. He couldn’t believe his eyes. The penguin had returned! It had come all the way back from the island and found João. Now it was calling to him. The little bird wasn’t ready to leave its human friend!

João’s 2-year-old grandson was excited about the bird. He tried to say pinguim, the word for penguin in Portuguese. That’s the language most people in Brazil speak. But the toddler said “dindim” instead. That became the penguin’s name. 


João took the penguin on a boat to a nearby island. He set the bird free. But João was sad. He was sorry to see his little friend go. He thought he would never see the penguin again. But he cared about the penguin. He wanted it to be happy. Setting it free was the kind thing to do.

A few hours went by. Then João got a big surprise. He heard squeaking in his backyard. João ran outside. He couldn’t believe his eyes. The penguin had returned! It swam all the way back from the island and found João. Now it was calling to him. The little bird wasn’t ready to leave its new human friend! 

João has a 2-year-old grandson. The child was excited about the bird. He tried to say pinguim. That’s the word for penguin in Portuguese. Most people in Brazil speak Portuguese. But the toddler said “dindim” instead. So Dindim became the penguin’s name. 

©GEORG ISMAR/DPA/AGE FOTOSTOCK

Dindim relaxes in the yard.

Dindim in the Yard 

It Was Dindim! 

Dindim in the Yard 

Dindim stayed with the old man for almost a year. Dindim must have been very happy during that time. He let João hold him and pet him. He loved when João gave him showers.

Every night, Dindim slept in the backyard. He was free to come and go. He could leave whenever he wanted.

Then one day, he did. Dindim left. There was no more squeaking in the yard. No more cuddles with João. No more showers. Dindim went back to the sea and didn’t return.

Magellanic penguins spend months at a time swimming in the ocean. It seemed that Dindim had finally gone back to his flock. This time, João was sure the penguin was gone forever. After almost a full year with Dindim, he would never get to hold or pet his little pal again. 

Dindim stayed with the grandpa for almost a year. But one day, Dindim left. There was no more squeaking in the yard. Dindim went back to the sea. 

João was sure the penguin was gone forever. A few months went by. Then one day, João heard a familiar squeaking sound. João couldn’t believe it. It was Dindim! The penguin wagged his tail and honked.

Now Dindim comes back every year. He stays with João from June to November. He has bonded with the grandpa. What does João think about it?

“I love the penguin like it’s my own child. I believe the penguin loves me,” he says.

One of them is a person. One is a penguin. But they became true friends. 

Dindim stayed with the old man for almost a year. Dindim seemed very happy during that time. He let João hold him and pet him. He loved when João gave him showers.

Dindim slept in the backyard every night. He was free to come and go. He could leave whenever he wanted. 

Then one day, he did. Dindim left. There was no more squeaking in the yard. No more cuddles with João. No more showers. Dindim went back to the sea.

Magellanic penguins spend months at a time swimming in the ocean. Dindim had likely gone back to his flock. João was sure the penguin was gone forever. They had spent almost a year together. Now he would never get to hold or pet his little pal again. 

GEORG ISMAR/PICTURE-ALLIANCE/DPA/AP IMAGES

João didn’t think Dindim would come back.

The Bird Is Back! 


The Bird Is Back! 

A few months went by. Then one day, João heard that familiar squeaking sound once again. João couldn’t believe what he was hearing. It was Dindim calling him from the backyard!

The penguin had returned once again. The grandpa was thrilled to see Dindim. The bird wagged his tail and honked.

Now Dindim comes back every year. João waits and watches the sea each June. He smiles when he sees Dindim waddle onto the beach. The penguin stays with the grandpa until November. Then he returns to his flock.

During this time, other Magellanic penguins migrate south to beaches and islands. They make nests and raise chicks. But Dindim seems to think João is his family instead. He has bonded with the grandpa. What does João think about it?

“I love the penguin like it’s my own child, and I believe the penguin loves me,” he says.

People in the village know all about the grandpa and the penguin. But Dindim will let himself be held by one person only—João. They go for swims and walk around together. Dindim tries to preen João, or clean him with his beak. That’s how penguins show affection.

One of them is a person and one is a penguin. But they became true friends. 


A few months went by. Then one day, João heard a familiar squeaking sound. João couldn’t believe what he was hearing. It was Dindim calling him from the backyard! 

The bird had come back again. The grandpa was very happy to see his friend. Dindim wagged his tail and honked.

Now Dindim comes back every year. João waits and watches the sea in June. He smiles when he sees Dindim waddle onto the beach. The penguin stays with the grandpa until November. Then he returns to his flock.

During this time, other Magellanic penguins migrate south. They travel to beaches and islands. They make nests and raise chicks. But Dindim seems to think João is his family instead. He has bonded with the grandpa. What does João think about it?

“I love the penguin like it’s my own child. I believe the penguin loves me,” he says. 

People in the village know about the grandpa and the penguin. But Dindim will let only João hold him. They go for swims and walk around together. Dindim tries to preen João, or clean him with his beak. That’s how penguins show affection.

One of them is a person. One is a penguin. But they became true friends. 

JOÃO PAULO KRAJEWSKI

Dindim and João spend time together each year.

THINK AND WRITE 

Imagine you’re a reporter. Write an article about the friendship between the grandpa and the penguin. Send your article to “Penguin Contest.” Five winners will each receive a prize. See our contest page for details. 

THINK AND WRITE 

Imagine you’re a reporter. Write an article about the friendship between the grandpa and the penguin. Send your article to “Penguin Contest.” Five winners will each receive a prize. See our contest page for details. 

THINK AND WRITE 

Imagine you’re a reporter. Write an article about the friendship between the grandpa and the penguin. Send your article to “Penguin Contest.” Five winners will each receive a prize. See our contest page for details. 

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Can't Miss Teaching Extras
From the Storyworks 3 Archives

Check out our nonfiction article “The Great Penguin Rescue” in our December 2017/January 2018 issue. It’s written from a penguin’s point of view and covers how an oil spill can impact penguins.

From the Storyworks 3 Archives

For another animal rescue story, check out  “How to Save a Baby Orangutan” in our December 2020/January 2021 issue. Ask your students: How is Gerhana’s story similar to Dindim’s?

More About Penguins

Check out this simple infographic to see the different sizes of various species of penguin. Emperor penguins are the tallest, at around 4 ft. tall; Little Blue penguins are approximately 1 ft. tall! Ask your students to find the Magellanic penguin (the species our article is about).

Watch This

Students who are curious about the honking sound that Magellanic penguins make can hear what it sounds like in this video from the Point Defiance Zoo & Aquarium.

Step-by-Step Lesson Plan

Table of Contents

1. Preparing to Read

2. Close Reading

3. SEL Focus

4. Skill Building and Writing

5. Differentiate and Customize

Struggling Readers, Multilingual Learners, Advanced Readers, Independent Learning

1. Preparing to Read

Preview Text Features  (20 minutes)  

  • Help students prepare to read the article by showing the Background Builder Slideshow

  • We offer several reading experiences for this article. As a first read, have students either watch the Video Read-Aloud, in which author Janice Behrens introduces and narrates the article as it comes to life with images; listen to the Author Read-Aloud; or read the article in the magazine or digitally.

  • Look at pages 4-5 with the class. Read aloud the title and subtitle to students. Ask: What does the main image show? 

  • Based on the title, subtitle, and images, ask students to predict what this article will be about. Have them review their predictions after they finish reading.

  • Explain that the images, captions, and sidebar on pages 4-9 provide information that will help them better understand the events of the story. Point out the “A Peek at Penguins” sidebar on page 9 and ask students to read it after finishing the rest of the article.

Introduce Vocabulary (15 minutes)

  • We have highlighted in bold seven words that may be challenging and defined them on the page: toxic, waddle, tenderly, flock, migrate, bonded, preen

  • Preview these words by projecting or distributing our Vocabulary Skill Builder and completing it as a class. You may also play our Vocabulary Slideshow, in which audio and images help students with pronunciation and comprehension.

Set a Purpose for Reading (5 minutes)

  • Call on volunteers to read aloud the Think and Read box on page 5 and the Think and Write box on page 9. These support the story’s featured skill, main idea and supporting details. Remind students to keep in mind the Think and Read prompt as they read the article.

2. Close Reading

Reading and Unpacking the Text

  • First read: Read the story as a class. Use the Pause and Think questions at the end of each section to check comprehension. 

  • Second read: Project, distribute, or assign the Close-Reading and Critical-Thinking Questions to the class. Preview them together. Ask students to read the article again and answer the questions as a class or in small groups. (Alternatively, assign all or part of the Learning Journey Slide Deck, which contains the questions—along with other activities from this lesson plan and links to the story and Video Read-Aloud.) 

  • Follow up with the SEL Focus activity.

Close-Reading Questions (30 minutes)

  • Read the first section. What caused the little penguin’s injuries? (cause and effect) A ship had spilled oil into the ocean where the penguin was hunting for fish to eat. This oil can be deadly to penguins.
  • Why do you think the author ends the first section with the question “Would anyone help the little penguin in time?” (author’s craft) The author probably ends the section this way to emphasize that the penguin’s situation was very bad. It also helps get the reader interested in what happens next in the story.
  • Read “Learning to Trust.” What details describe what the penguin was like when João found him on the beach? (supporting details) The penguin was lying on the beach, scared. His feathers were covered in oil. He was tired, weak, and could barely eat. 
  • Why do you think the penguin started to trust João? (inference) The penguin probably started to trust João because the man helped when the bird was in trouble. João treated the injured bird gently. He fed the penguin by hand. The penguin could tell that the kind grandpa wasn’t going to hurt him.
  • Read “Goodbye, Little Friend.” Explain what it means when the author writes, “With a heavy heart, he set the bird free.” (figurative language/interpreting text) This means that João felt very sad when he took the penguin to a nearby island and released the bird to be with other penguins in the wild.
  • Read “Dindim in the Yard.” The author writes that “Dindim must have been very happy during that time.” What details from this section show that Dindim was happy while with João? (supporting details) Dindim let João hold and pet him and give him showers.
  • Why is the last section titled “The Bird Is Back!”? (main idea/text features) The last section is titled “The Bird Is Back!” because Dindim returned to João once again after João was sure his penguin friend was gone for good.

Critical-Thinking Question (10 minutes)

  • How is Dindim different from most other Magellanic penguins? How is he similar? (compare and contrast) Like other Magellanic penguins, Dindim swims in warm waters and spends months swimming in the ocean. Both Dindim and other Magellanic penguins make honking sounds. Dindim is different from other Magellanic penguins because he trusts João. Most penguins won’t let humans touch them, but Dindim lets João pet and hold him.  Another difference is that most Magellanic penguins migrate to beaches and islands to make nests and raise chicks. Dindim doesn’t do this. Instead, he returns to João and spends time with his human friend every year.

3. SEL Focus

Friendship

This article offers a unique story of friendship between a human and an animal. Penguins and humans do not usually form bonds like the one between João and Dindim.

Ask students: Even though Dindim and João have an unusual relationship, what lessons about friendship can we learn from them? You can guide students’ responses by asking them to think about what helped Dindim trust João and how the two friends show they care for each other and enjoy one another’s company. Encourage students to share examples of special friendships they have, especially with friends that are not human!

 

4. Skill Building and Writing

Featured Skill: Main Idea and Supporting Details

  • Distribute our Main Idea and Supporting Details Skill Builder and have students complete it in class or for homework.  

  • Discuss the writing assignment in the Think and Write box on page 9. Students should sum up the main idea of their paragraph in the first or last sentence. They can complete their paragraphs in class or as homework.

Differentiate and Customize
For Struggling Readers

Instead of using the close-reading and critical-thinking questions, print out the Pause and Think questions. Read the article out loud together, and have students answer the Pause and Think questions at the end of each section. These basic comprehension questions help ensure students can follow the story’s events. 

For Multilingual Learners (MLL)

The article contains domain-specific terms that might be unfamiliar to your multilingual learners. Before having students read the article, go over the following words: disaster, toxic, clumped, waddle, tenderly, flock, migrate, bonded, preen, and flapping. With your students, review the definition of each word. You might show the vocabulary slideshow to reinforce the meaning of the vocabulary terms bolded in the text.

For Advanced Readers

Ask students to pretend that they are newspaper writers in Brazil where João lives. Have them write a headline and brief newspaper article detailing the unlikely friendship between João and Dindim. Encourage them to make the story as dramatic and exciting as possible to draw readers into the article.

For Independent Learning

We’ve created a Choice Board especially for this article that offers six varied activities for students to choose from. Students can do one activity or as many as they like, working at their own pace. Most of the activities on the Choice Board can be done away from a computer. 

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