a boy eating from a bag of potato chips
CLARKANDCOMPANY/GETTY IMAGES (BOY); WS PHOTOGRAPHY/GETTY IMAGES (CHIP); BRIAN HAGIWARA/GETTY IMAGES (BOTTOM CHIPS)

Chomp! The History of Potato Chips

Meet the man behind one of our favorite snacks. 

By Allison Friedman
From the September 2021 Issue
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Salty. Crispy. Delicious. People around the world love potato chips. But have you ever wondered how they got their start?

The story goes like this: It was 1853, at a restaurant in Saratoga Springs, New York. A chef named George Crum had just prepared some french fries. But the customer who got the fries didn’t like them. He said they were too thick and soggy. He sent his food back to the kitchen.

Crum felt annoyed. So he sliced some potatoes as thin as he could. Crum fried them until they became hard, brown chips. They weren’t thick or soggy now! Crum was sure the customer would hate the chips.

But something surprising happened. The customer loved them! Soon the restaurant became famous for its “Saratoga Chips.” 

Experts aren’t sure things really happened this way. Someone else might have invented potato chips before Crum. But Crum helped make them popular. 

The story goes something like this: In the summer of 1853, a chef named George Crum was cooking up french fries at a restaurant in Saratoga Springs, New York. A customer sent his fries back to the kitchen, complaining that they were too thick and soggy. 

Crum decided to teach this picky customer a lesson. So he sliced up potatoes as thin as he could and fried them to a hard, brown crisp. He was sure they would be inedible.

But something surprising happened: The customer didn’t turn up his nose at these crunchy fried potatoes. In fact, he gobbled up the delicious new treat. Other diners began to ask for them too. Soon, the restaurant was known for its famous “Saratoga Chips.” 

History experts aren’t sure whether this tale is 100 percent true, or even that Crum was the first person to invent potato chips. But he definitely helped make them popular in the U.S. And more than 150 years later, potato chips are still one of America’s favorite snacks. 

Noisy, Crunchy 

Crunch Craving

It’s not surprising that people loved Crum’s chips. Research shows that humans like to eat noisy, crunchy foods. That’s because many fresh foods are crunchy. A stalk of celery or a crisp apple makes a nice snap when you bite it. Long ago, humans listened for that sound. It meant their food was healthy.

Potato chips aren’t exactly healthy. But our brains still love that crunch.

So the next time you eat a bag of chips, think about that sound. And between noisy bites, you can thank George Crum.  

It’s not surprising that Crum’s creation became such a hit. Research shows that humans naturally crave noisy, crunchy foods.

Why? Some scientists think it’s because crunchy foods tend to be fresh. Think of the satisfying snap you hear when you bite into a stalk of celery or a crisp apple. The crunchiness of fruits and vegetables helped tell our early human ancestors that these foods were fresh and healthy. And even though potato chips aren’t very nutritious, they still appeal to our brain’s built-in love of crunch.

Today, food companies research and experiment to create the perfect crunchiness. They’ve figured out exactly how much tooth pressure it should take to crush a chip. They’ve calculated how loud the sound is. (It can reach 63 decibels—as loud as a washing machine.) They’ve designed the bag to keep chips crispy for as long as possible.

So the next time you tear into a bag of chips, you can think about the work that went into each crunch. And in between noisy mouthfuls, you can thank George Crum.

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Potato chip-making has gotten faster and more hi-tech since George Crums’s time. Students can see the process from start to finish in this interesting 3-minute video from NPR.

From the Storyworks 3 Archives

For a fascinating look at what flavorists do to make chips and other snacks taste delicious, share our December 2020/January 2021 Paired Texts features: “Why Are These Chips Sooo Delicious?” and “The Sweetest Job.”

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