a surfer riding a huge wave
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Surfing the World’s Biggest Waves

Imagine a wave that’s 90 feet tall. Now imagine that you’re on a tiny board riding that wave. Scroll down to learn about the biggest waves in the world—and the people who surf them 

By Tricia Culligan
From the May/June 2021 Issue
Lexiles: 500L-600L, 600L-700L
Guided Reading Level: P
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Think and Read: Big Idea

As you read, think about what it would be like to surf a 90-foot wave. 

Roar! The sound of the raging water pounds your ears. Splash! Salty water soaks your hair, stings your eyes, and drips down your face.

A deadly 90-foot wave is forming— and you’re going to surf it. If you do, you’ll break the world record for the largest wave ever surfed. You take a deep breath. Then you prepare to ride the biggest wave in surfing history. 

Roar! The sound of the water pounds your ears. Splash! Salty water soaks your hair. It stings your eyes and drips down your face.

A deadly 90-foot wave is forming. And you’re going to surf it. If you do, you’ll break the world record for the largest wave ever surfed. You take a deep breath. Then you get ready to surf the biggest wave in surfing history. 

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SURFING STAR

A crowd gathers to watch a surfer ride a 65-foot wave in Portugal.

The Start of Surfing 

There are five oceans in the world, from the icy Arctic to the massive Pacific. And where there are oceans, there are waves. These curls of water form when winds blow on the surface of the ocean. The faster and longer the winds blow, the bigger the waves grow.

An average wave is 11 feet tall, about the height of a basketball hoop. But some waves are bigger—much bigger.

For thousands of years, people have been surfing waves of all sizes. Surfing started in Hawaii and islands in the South Pacific Ocean. In the 1900s, the activity spread to other parts of the world. By the 1950s, people were surfing the biggest, most challenging waves— and the sport of big-wave surfing took off. 

There are five oceans in the world. One is the icy Arctic. Another is the giant Pacific. All of the oceans have waves. These curls of water form when winds blow on the surface of the ocean. The faster and longer the winds blow, the bigger the waves grow.

An average wave is 11 feet tall. That’s about the height of a basketball hoop. But some waves are much bigger.

For thousands of years, people have been surfing waves of all sizes. Surfing started in Hawaii and islands in the South Pacific Ocean. The activity spread to other parts of the world in the 1900s. By the 1950s, people were surfing the biggest and most challenging waves. That’s when the sport of big-wave surfing took off. 

ILLUSTRATION BY MARYBETH BUTLER RIVERA

WHAT IS A WAVE? 

A wave is a motion that carries energy from one place to another. For example, wind energy can be carried to the ocean’s surface. The energy creates waves that travel on top of the water. Waves can have different heights. But they have the same basic structure. 

Wild Waves

Today, big-wave surfers like you search the oceans of the world for the biggest, wildest, and most dangerous waves. The largest wave ever surfed was an 80-foot whopper. You’ve been trying for years to break that record. Will today be your lucky day?

The wind and weather conditions seem perfect. A crowd has gathered at the beach to watch you surf. Your partner tows you out into the ocean on a Jet Ski. That’s when you see it: a heart-stopping 90-foot wave! 

Today, big-wave surfers like you search the oceans of the world. You look for the biggest, wildest, and most dangerous waves. The largest wave ever surfed was an 80-foot whopper. You’ve been trying for years to break that record. Will today be your lucky day? 

The wind and weather conditions seem perfect. There’s a crowd at the beach to watch you surf. Your partner brings you out into the ocean on a Jet Ski. That’s when you see it: a heart- stopping 90-foot wave! 

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WATCH OUT!

Waves can pull surfers underwater if they aren’t careful 

Riding a Killer Wave 

For a second, fear washes over you. Surfing a wave this big could be deadly. The wave could pull you underwater. It could toss you around like a rag doll in a washing machine. Then you remind yourself: You’ve spent years training to ride a killer wave like this. You’re ready.

You watch the way the water moves. At just the right moment, you jump up on your surfboard. Whoosh! You slice through the wall of water with accuracy and speed, turning the 90-foot wave into a thrilling ride. Cheers roar from the beach as you surf into the record books with the ride of a lifetime.  

For a second, fear washes over you. Surfing a wave this big could be deadly. The wave could pull you underwater. It could toss you around like a rag doll in a washing machine. Then you remind yourself: You’ve spent years training to ride a killer wave like this. You’re ready.

You watch the way the water moves. At just the right moment, you take off on your surfboard. Whoosh! You move through the wall of water with accuracy and speed. You turn the 90-foot wave into an exciting ride. You hear cheers from the beach. You surf into the record books with the ride of a lifetime. 

THINK AND WRITE

Imagine you’re surfing a 90-foot wave. Using descriptive details, write a journal entry about what that experience is like. 

THINK AND WRITE

Imagine you’re surfing a 90-foot wave. Using descriptive details, write a journal entry about what that experience is like. 

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Can't Miss Teaching Extras
Watch This

Your students will be excited to watch big-wave surfers tackling some giant waves in this video from the Olympics channel. The video is 6-minutes long so we suggest sharing an excerpt or two. You can watch a minute or so of the surfers taking on some truly amazing waves at the 4:48 point.

Teach This

Find out the answer to “Why Does the Ocean Have Waves?” at the National Ocean Service’s website.

Watch This

PBS’s Physics Girl tells the history of learning about monster waves and explains how they form.

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